Apple trees may grow as tall as twelve metres. They do best in areas that have very cold winters. Although no fruit is yielded during the winter, this cold period is good for the tree.
　　The word “yielded” in the last sentence means ______.
　　A. improved　　　　 B. increased　　　 C. produced　　　　D. sold
　　把四個選項(xiàng)分別取代文段中的“yielded”，我們可以得出以下分析：“improve fruit”是改進(jìn)蘋果(質(zhì)量)的意思，既然冬季有利于蘋果樹(的營養(yǎng)生長)，自然就有利于蘋果質(zhì)量的改進(jìn)，這是符合常識的，因此，A選項(xiàng)是錯誤的；可以說increase the output(產(chǎn)量) of fruit，但不可以說increase the fruit，也就是說increase不能與fruit構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，因此B選項(xiàng)是錯誤的；“冬天沒有蘋果買”不符合常識，所以，D選項(xiàng)也是錯誤的；“冬天不產(chǎn)蘋果”是符合常識的，亦符合原文的意思，因此，C是正確的。
　　又如：Last November the two groups started “Dog Day Afternoon” in the children’s department of the main library. About 25 children attended each of the four Saturday-afternoon classes, reading for half an hour. Those who attended three of the four classes received a “pawgraphed” book at the last class.
　　A “pawgraphed” book is most probably ______.
　　A. a book used in Saturday classes　　　　　 B. a book written by the children
　　C. a prize for the children　　　　　　　　 D. a gift from parents
　　文段敘述的是孩子們參加“周六下午閱讀訓(xùn)練班”的事情。根據(jù)常識我們知道，在一個學(xué)習(xí)活動結(jié)束時，通常會對一些先進(jìn)分子進(jìn)行表彰或獎勵。因此，我們可以作出判斷，“Those who attended three of the four classes received a “pawgraphed” book at the last class”這句話的意思應(yīng)該是：那些參加了四個學(xué)習(xí)班中三個班的學(xué)習(xí)的孩子們在參加最后一個班的時候可以得到某種獎勵。A、B、D都不符合常識，所以只有C選項(xiàng)是正確答案。
　　3. 根據(jù)文段中出現(xiàn)的同義、近義或反義詞的意思進(jìn)行判斷。
　　如：I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang. It was an eccentric(怪僻的)farmer. I had never met him before although I had often heard people talk about him. He sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so before I understood anything. Even then all I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident. I hadn’t the slightest idea who she was but I obviously had to go.
　　The underlined phrase make out in the first paragraph means ______.
　　A. expect　　　　　　B. understand　　　　　C. see clearly　D. hear clearly
　　根據(jù)第四句話的意思，我們知道“Even then”實(shí)際上是指前文的“I understood anything”，因此這句話可以理解為“Even when I understood anything, all (that) I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident”。顯然，“make out”是被用來取代前面的“understood”，以避免重復(fù)，它們應(yīng)該是近義或同義詞，所以，B選項(xiàng)可能是正確的。
　　又如：One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quite the reverse, business, politics, life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information.
　　Which of the following can be used in place of “Quite the reverse”?
　　A. Quite right.　　　 B. True enough. C. Most unlikely. D. Just the opposite.
　　根據(jù)quite the reverse這個短語前后兩個句子中的“perfect information”與“imperfect information”這兩個意思相反的詞組，我們可以推斷出quite the reverse這個短語應(yīng)該是表示它前后兩個句子的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。只有D選項(xiàng)符合這種意思，因此，可以考慮它是正確答案。

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