Unit 3 Under the sea
核心單詞
1. witness
vt. 當(dāng)場見到；目擊
vi. 作證
n. 目擊者；證人；證據(jù)
We all came to witness history and watch the historic flight of teacher Christa cAuliffe.
我們聚集在一起見證歷史，觀看教師克里斯塔•麥考利夫歷史性的飛行。
He witnessed to having seen the man enter the building.
他作證看到那個男人進(jìn)入這棟建筑物。
Life without a friend is death without a witness.
在世無朋友,死后無證人。
常用結(jié)構(gòu)：
give witness on behalf of sb. 替某人作證
be a witness to ... 是……的目擊者
witness to sth./doing sth. 為某事作證
bear/give witness to sth. 作證;證明某事
高手過招
單項填空
any people the car accident, so it was not difficult to investigate. （2010•01•陜西寶雞檢測）
A.Witnessed B. Harnessed C. Swallowed D. Drugged
解析：選A�？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。句意為：許多人目擊了那場車禍，因此不難調(diào)查。witness目擊；harness控制；利用； swallow吞掉；drug下藥；使服藥。
2. drag
vt. 拖；拉；扯
n. 令人厭煩的人/事；累贅
常用結(jié)構(gòu)：
drag behind 落在后面
drag in 扯進(jìn)
drag sb. down 使某人沮喪
drag on 拖延
Her skirt dragged on the floor. 她的裙子拖在地上。
易混辨析
drag/draw/pull
drag 表示費(fèi)力，緩慢而艱難地“拉、拖”較重的物體。
draw 表示從容地“拉、拖”。
pull 表示突然、急速地“拉”，方式不限。
We dragged the fallen tree from the road.
我們把倒在路上的樹拖到一邊。
Draw your chair up to the table.
把你的椅子拉到桌子旁邊。
Five monkeys pull the elephant.
五只猴子在拉大象。
高手過招
翻譯句子 （原創(chuàng)）
①那個國家卷入了戰(zhàn)爭之中。
②她把她的孩子強(qiáng)拉到牙科診所。
答案： ①The country was dragged into the war.
②She dragged her child to the dentist’s.

3. urge
vt. 催促；極力主張；驅(qū)策
常用結(jié)構(gòu)：
urge sb. on sth.=urge on sb. sth.
力勸某人某事；催促某人某事
urge sb. to do sth. 激勵某人做某事；慫恿某人做某事
urge that ... 主張……（用虛擬語氣）
He waved his hand as if urge us on.
他揮揮手似乎在鼓勵我們前進(jìn)。
They urged me to eat the strange food.
他們慫恿我吃那種奇怪的食物。
She urged that I (should) apologize to him.
她主張我應(yīng)該向他道歉。
聯(lián)想拓展
urgency n.緊急，迫切，急迫
urgent adj.緊急的，急迫的;執(zhí)拗的
In case of urgency, call the police.
一旦發(fā)生緊急情況，打電話給警察。
They were urgent in their demands.
他們堅持他們所提出的要求。
高手過招
單項填空
The captain urged his team make greater effort. （ 2010•01•陜西師大附中檢測）
A.With B. on C. of D. To
解析：選D。句意為： 船長鼓勵他的團(tuán)隊要加把勁。urge sb. to do sth. 激勵某人做某事。
4. abandon
vt. 遺棄；拋棄；放棄
常用結(jié)構(gòu)：
abandon oneself to sth. 陷入某事
聯(lián)想拓展
abandonment n. \[U\]遺棄；離棄；拋棄；放棄
abandoner n. 放棄者；遺棄者；投保者
abandonee n. 承保人；被遺棄者
abandoned adj. 被遺棄的；無拘束的
易混辨析
abandon/desert/give up
abandon強(qiáng)調(diào)永遠(yuǎn)或完全放棄人或事物等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的。
desert 著重指違背法律責(zé)任和義務(wù)或自己的信仰與誓言的行為，多含非難的意味。
give up普通用語，側(cè)重指沒有希望，或因為外界壓力而放棄。
The match was abandoned because of bad weather.
比賽因惡劣的天氣而取消。
Never desert your friends.永不遺棄朋友。
He persuaded me to give up my plan.
在他的勸說下，我放棄了那個。
高手過招
單項填空
As time goes on, fewer and fewer old men are in the countryside. （2010•01•東青島模塊檢測）
A. Abandon B. to abandon
C. Abandoning D. being abandoned
解析：選D。此處老人和遺棄為被動關(guān)系，故選D。
5. aware
adj. 意識到的；知道的
常用結(jié)構(gòu)：
be／become aware of sth. 意識到某事
be aware that-clause 知道……；意識到……
make sb.aware that-clause 提醒某人注意……
make sb.aware of ... 讓某人注意到……
He wasn’t aware of the danger.他沒有意識到危險。
Is she aware that I’m coming? 她知道我要嗎?
聯(lián)想拓展
unaware adj.不察覺的；不知道的
awareness n. 知道；意識
溫馨提示
aware后跟名詞性從句時，一般在從句前不能用of，但在what從句前必須用of。
高手過招
用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或aware的適當(dāng)形式填空 （原創(chuàng)）
①When you write your goals in a particular way, you are able to make yourself continuously aware situations that will bring you nearer to your goal.
②The principal didn’t seem to be aware there should have been so much dispute about the decision.
③Health officials throughout the world have tried to make people raise about AIDS.
④ike seems of the trouble he’s causing, otherwise he would stop it.
答案：① of ② that ③awareness ④unaware

6. hang
v.懸掛;吊;施以絞刑;垂下
The boy hung his head in shame. 那個男孩羞愧地低下了頭。
聯(lián)想拓展
hang back 躊躇不前；退縮
hang down 下垂；低下頭
hang on to 緊緊握��；堅持下去
hang on 抓緊；取決于；不掛斷電話
hang about=hang around 徘徊；蕩蕩去
hang by/on/upon a thread/hair千鈞一發(fā)
hang it doubt 疑惑不決
hang up 懸掛；吊；終止；掛斷電話
高手過招
單項填空
I was so angry that I on him. （原創(chuàng)）
A. hung down B. hung up
C. hanged on D. hang back
解析：選B。句意為：我太生氣了，以至于我掛掉了他的電話。hang down下垂；低下頭 ; hang on緊緊握��；堅持下去；（打電話不掛斷）; hang back猶豫；畏縮; hang up懸掛；吊；終止；掛斷電話。
重點短語
7. sort out
整理；挑出; 處理(問題／困難)
I’ve sorted out the papers that can be thrown away.
我已經(jīng)把那些可以扔掉的報紙整理出了。
We’ve got a few problems to sort out.
我們有幾個問題要解決。
聯(lián)想拓展
sort through 翻查;歸整
put away 把……存放好
He was sorting through a pile of papers on his desk。
他在整理桌上的一堆。
Put away your books, please.
請將書本收起。
高手過招
翻譯句子 （原創(chuàng)）
①他從相片中挑出自己的，并把它們放到相冊中。
②放學(xué)了，把書本收好。
答案： ①He sorted his own photos out from others and kept them in an album.
②After school, put away your books.

8. help(...) out
幫助（某人）擺脫困難或危難
Can you help me out with the maths problem?
你能幫我解出這道數(shù)學(xué)題嗎?
聯(lián)想拓展
help sb. with sth. 幫助某人某事
with the help of 在……的幫助下；借助
help oneself to 請隨便自己動手(夾菜吃、用……等)
can’t help doing sth. 禁不住，忍不住
can’t help but do sth. 只能；不得不
Please help yourself to some fish. 請隨便吃點魚。
She can’t help laughing. 她忍不住大笑起。
I can’t help but wait. 我只能等。
高手過招
翻譯句子 （原創(chuàng)）
①在老師和同學(xué)們的幫助下，小明終于擺脫了愛玩電子游戲的習(xí)慣。
②地震中，許多家長不得不眼睜睜地看著他們的孩子埋在廢墟中。
答案：①With the help of the teacher and his classmates, Xiaoming managed to help himself out of his problem with computer games.
②In the earthquake, many parents couldn’t help but leave their children in the ruins.

9. throw oneself out of
躍出
The man suddenly threw himself out of the water and said:“I’m here”.
那個人突然躍出水面說:“我在這兒”。
聯(lián)想拓展
throw oneself at 沖向
throw oneself into 投身于；積極從事
throw away 扔掉
throw up 嘔吐
throw sb. into prison 把某人投入監(jiān)獄
throw at 對準(zhǔn)向……扔去(希望擊中)
throw to 向……(方向)扔去
高手過招
翻譯句子 （原創(chuàng)）
①休息了一會后，他重新投入了救援工作。
②你可以幫他把書遞給他，但向別人投擲書本是不對的。
答案：①After a short rest, he threw himself into rescuing again.
②You can help him to give this book to him but it’s wrong to throw books at others.

10. upside down
上下翻轉(zhuǎn)
The naughty child is always turning everything in the room upside down.
這淘氣的孩子總是把房間的東西搞得亂七八糟。
聯(lián)想拓展
inside out 里面朝外，翻面的
He wore the sweatshirt inside out.
他把運(yùn)動衫反過穿。
高手過招
翻譯句子 （原創(chuàng)）
①你把那幅畫掛顛倒了！
②春節(jié)期間，中國人喜歡將“�！弊值惯^掛。
答案：①You’ve hung that picture upside down!
②In the Spring Festival, Chinese people would like to hang the character “fu” upside down.

11. bring in
帶; 獲利，賺；求援；求助；引進(jìn)
Bring those suspects in. 把嫌疑犯們帶進(jìn)。
These boys bring in ￡60 a week.
這些男孩子每周賺六十英鎊。
How much did the sideline bring the farmer family in last year?
去年副業(yè)使這家農(nóng)戶增加了多少收入?
The sale brought us in over $1000.
這筆買賣使我們賺了一千多美元。
They began to use English, but they also brought in some words from their own languages.
他們開始使用英語，但他們同時也從自己的語言中吸收一些詞匯。
聯(lián)想拓展
bring about changes 引起變化
bring along 把……帶
bring back 歸還
bring down 使倒下;降低;減少
bring on 使前進(jìn)
bring out 使顯現(xiàn);出版
bring up 教育;撫養(yǎng);嘔吐
高手過招
單項填空
Summertime out neat, belted cotton dresses and a hat pulled low over her sunglasses. （2010¡¤01¡¤浙江嘉興一中檢測）
A.Took B. brought C. carried D. turned
解析：選B。bring out意為¡°拿出，穿出¡±。句意為：夏天她穿著干凈、扎腰帶的棉布裙，低戴著帽子遮著太陽鏡。根據(jù)句意，選B。
重點句型
12. It was a time when the killer whales, or “killers” as they were then called, helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.
那個時期，虎鯨（當(dāng)時被稱為“殺手”）幫助捕鯨人在每年須鯨遷徙時捕捉須鯨。
It was/is a time when ... 曾經(jīng)一度（那時）
It was a time when motorcars were rare.
那時汽車是很罕見的。
It was a time when she could not bear the pain and wanted to kill herself.
她曾經(jīng)一度無法忍受病痛，想結(jié)束自己的生命。
高手過招
翻譯句子 （原創(chuàng)）
①曾經(jīng)沒人能理解我的和雄心。
②現(xiàn)在這一社區(qū)的人們相互幫助，和諧相處。
答案： ①It was a time when no one could understand my plan and ambition.
②It is a time when people in the community would like to help each other and live harmoniously.


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