初中階段大致有150組詞語(yǔ)辨析,近幾年中考英語(yǔ)常考的有20組左右?中考試題考查詞語(yǔ)辨析主要是每組詞或短語(yǔ)之間的細(xì)小差別,是為了檢測(cè)同學(xué)們辨別詞形和運(yùn)用詞匯的能力?

詞語(yǔ)辨析集中在對(duì)實(shí)詞,即對(duì)名詞?動(dòng)詞?形容詞?副詞等的考查?主要考查同義?近義?形近詞匯的辨析以及詞組與習(xí)慣用法的辨析?

1. After, in

這兩個(gè)介詞都可以表示“……(時(shí)間)以后”的意思?

after 以過(guò)去為起點(diǎn),表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間之后,常用于過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的句子中?如She went after three days. 她是三天以后走的?

in 以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn),表將來(lái)一段時(shí)間以后,常用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的句子中?如She will go in three days. 她三天以后要走?

2. How long, how often, how soon

how long指多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,主要用來(lái)對(duì)一段時(shí)間(如three days, four weeks 等)提問(wèn)?如How long ago was it? 這是多久前的事了?

how often指每隔多久,主要用來(lái)對(duì)頻率副詞或狀語(yǔ)(如once a week等)提問(wèn)?如—How often does he come here? —Once a month. 他(每隔)多久來(lái)一次?每月一次?

how soon指再過(guò)多久,主要用來(lái)對(duì)表示將來(lái)的一段時(shí)間(in an hour, in two weeks 等)提問(wèn)?如How soon can you come? 你多快能趕來(lái)?

3. Few, a few, little, a little, several, some

few 和little的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“幾乎沒(méi)有”;而a few和a little的意思是肯定的,表示“有一些,有一點(diǎn)兒”?

few 和 a few修飾可數(shù)名詞;little 和 a little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞?

several用于修飾可數(shù)名詞,語(yǔ)意比a few和some更肯定,含有“好幾個(gè)”的意思?

some可修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞,從數(shù)量上說(shuō),它有時(shí)相當(dāng)于a few 或 a little,有時(shí)指更多一些的數(shù)量?

4. The other, another

the other 指兩個(gè)人或事物中的“另一個(gè)”,表示特指?如We stood on one side of the road and they stood on the other. 我們站在街這邊,他們站在那邊?

another著重于不定數(shù)目中的“另外一個(gè)”,表示泛指,所以常用來(lái)指至少三個(gè)中的一個(gè)?如She has taken another of my books. 她已經(jīng)拿了我的另外一本書?

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