2012屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪單元總復(fù)習(xí)講義精品薈萃外研版必修五odule 3
知識(shí)詳解
1.account n． 敘述；描寫；報(bào)道；賬單，賬戶
v． 說(shuō)明，解釋
(回歸本P21)a true account of the past 對(duì)過(guò)去的真實(shí)描述
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【歸納總結(jié)】
【例句探】
①The two accounts of the accident do not agree.
有關(guān)這次事的兩篇報(bào)道不一致。
②We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather.
由于天氣不好，我們將啟程的時(shí)間推遲了。
③We should also take account of difficulties.
我們也應(yīng)該考慮到困難。
④(朗P13)On no account must you tell him about our plans.
你決不能把我們的計(jì)劃告訴他。
⑤We had to account to our boss for every penny we spent.
我們得向老板交代清楚我們花的每一分錢。
【即境活用】
1.(四川遂寧四校模擬)Linda gave us a vivid ________ of her trip to ount Lushan after her return.
A．a(chǎn)ccount B．explanation
C．imagination D．direction
解析：選A�？疾槊~辨析。account敘述，描寫；explanation解釋；imagination想像力；direction方向，指導(dǎo)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，此處應(yīng)用account。
2．(濰坊市模擬)She was told to wear flat shoes ________ her back problem.
A．on account of B．regardless of
C．in terms of D．in case of
解析：選A�？疾榻樵~短語(yǔ)�！坝捎谒坑袀桓嬷┢降仔�。”in terms of“在……方面，從……方面說(shuō)”；regardless of“不管，不顧”；in case of“以免”。
2.disturb vt. 弄亂；打亂；打擾；擾亂
vi. 擾亂
(回歸本P25)“Who is it disturbing me at this time of night？”said the captain.“深更半夜的是誰(shuí)在打擾我？”船長(zhǎng)問(wèn)。
【歸納總結(jié)】
【例句探】
①I heard you talking and I didn’t like to disturb you，so I went away.
我聽見你們?cè)谡勗�，覺得不該打擾你們，就走開了。
②The host was quite annoyed when he found out that his books on the bookshelves had been disturbed.
主人發(fā)現(xiàn)他書架上的書被弄亂了，很是生氣。
③A light wind disturbed the surface of the pond.
微風(fēng)使池塘水面泛起漣漪。
【易混辨析】
disturb，interrupt
(1)disturb指擾亂，攪亂，妨礙，干擾，還可表示使煩惱，使焦慮等。
(2)interrupt指插嘴，中斷、打斷(別人的講話或行動(dòng)等)。
①We have to interrupt you，because your speech has gone beyond the time limit.
②Cutting down rainforests disturbs the Earth’s balance.
【即境活用】
3.(濰坊市二模)The quick rise in the price of food will make people ________，that is，affect people’s living standard.
A．disturbed B．fascinated
C．distinguished D．interrupted
解析：選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意“食品價(jià)格的快速增長(zhǎng)使人們焦慮不安，也就是說(shuō)影響了人們的生活水平。”fascinated“入迷的”；distinguished“卓越的”；interrupted“中斷的”。
4．She opened the door quietly so as not to ________the sleeping child.
A．interrupt B．bother
C．disturb D．a(chǎn)nnoy
解析：選C。句意是：她輕輕地開門，以免驚擾了睡著的孩子。此句要用disturb表示“擾亂”。interrupt打斷；bother和annoy都指“使某人煩惱”。
3.warn vt. 警告，告誡；預(yù)告，提醒
(回歸本P29)“ark Twain”，which means “watermark two”，was a call used by sailors on the ississippi to warn shipmates that they were coming into shalloater.
“馬克•吐溫”的意思是“水深二英尺”，這是密西西比河上的水手們使用的口號(hào)，用警告正在進(jìn)入淺水區(qū)(安全通行)的同船水手們。
【歸納總結(jié)】
【例句探】
①The leader warned us of the serious situation.
領(lǐng)導(dǎo)警告我們面臨的嚴(yán)峻形勢(shì)。
②I warn you against that man.He is lying.
我勸你對(duì)那人提防點(diǎn)，他在撒謊。
③Can you warn your mother you’re going to be back late?
你能否事先告訴你媽媽說(shuō)你準(zhǔn)備晚點(diǎn)回去？
④He warned Billy to keep away from his daughter.
他警告比利離他女兒遠(yuǎn)點(diǎn)。
⑤(牛津P2265)She was warned that if she did it again she would lose her job.
她被警告說(shuō)如果她再這樣做就會(huì)丟掉工作。
【即境活用】
5．I ________ her not to walk on the thin ice but she woundn’t listen.
A．suggested B．hoped
C．warned D．persuaded
解析：選C。句意“我警告她不要在薄冰上行走，可她就是不聽。”suggest和hope都不能跟to do作賓補(bǔ)，而persuade表示“說(shuō)服”，這和本句后面的語(yǔ)境不吻合。
6.The weather station ________ that a hurricane was coming.
A．expected B．a(chǎn)dvised
C．warned D．persuaded
解析：選C。句意：氣象臺(tái)預(yù)告一場(chǎng)颶風(fēng)即將臨。A項(xiàng)“期待”；B項(xiàng)“建議”；D項(xiàng)“勸說(shuō)”，均不符合句意。
4.make up 編造；組成；占；和解；化妝，化裝；補(bǔ)足，湊足；整理，收拾
(回歸本P25)I decided to go to the next village and make up a story about the steamboat.
我決定去下一個(gè)村子去編造一個(gè)關(guān)于汽船的故事。
【歸納總結(jié)】
【例句探】
①Saying you’re sorry won’t make up the damage of breaking the vase.光說(shuō)對(duì)不起補(bǔ)償不了你打破花瓶的損失。
②It is common that girls make up in public.
女孩子在公共場(chǎng)所化妝是很普遍的事。
③The sky and sea make up a harmonious picture.
天空和大海構(gòu)成一幅和諧的畫面。
④We need another player to make up the team.
我們還需一位隊(duì)員才能組成一支球隊(duì)。
⑤Do remember to make up your bed before you leave.
千萬(wàn)要記得在你離開之前整理好床鋪。
⑥ary and Joan quarrelled，but made up after a while.
瑪麗和瓊吵架了，但過(guò)了一會(huì)兒就和解了。
⑦Society is made up of people of widely differing abilities.
社會(huì)是由能力迥異的人組成的。
【即境活用】
7.Don’t ________ any excuse for your failing in the exam this time.We won’t believe you.
A．put up B．show up
C．make up D．keep up
解析：選C。句意：不要為這次考試不及格找借口，我們不會(huì)相信的。此句要用make up表示“編造(借口)”。put up舉起；支起；show up出現(xiàn)；keep up保持。
8．(江蘇啟東中學(xué))Without my glasses，I couldn’t ________ whether that figure on the blackboard was a three or an eight.
A．make out B．make up
C．make for D．make off
解析：選A。make out“辨認(rèn)，看出，理解，明白；開列(單子、賬單等)”的意思；make up“構(gòu)成，編造，和解，彌補(bǔ)，化妝”，make for“向．..走去；有助于”，make off“逃掉跑掉”。
5.set off 出發(fā)，啟程(＝set out，set forth)；使爆炸；引起(突發(fā)的動(dòng)作)；導(dǎo)致(突然的活動(dòng))
(回歸本P29)He left school early，and as an adolescent，determined to make his fortune in South America，set off from his home in Hannibal，issouri，for New Orleans.
他很早離開學(xué)校，青少年的時(shí)候，懷著到南美發(fā)財(cái)致富的決心，從密蘇里州的漢尼撥出發(fā)去新奧爾良。
【歸納總結(jié)】
【例句探】
①The old man wanted to set off early in order to avoid the traffic jam.那位老人想早點(diǎn)出發(fā)以避開交通堵塞。
②Do be careful with those fireworks；the slightest spark could set them off.
千萬(wàn)要小心這些煙火，稍有火星就能引起爆炸。
③Her jokes always set me off laughing.
她的笑話總是把我逗得哈哈大笑。
【即境活用】
9．(湖北六校聯(lián)考)The moment we heard the news of the earthquake，we began to ________ the work to rescue those trapped in the building.
A．set off B．set down
C．set aside D．set about
解析：選D。句意“我們一聽到地震的消息，就開始著手救援那些困在建筑物里的人員的工作�！眘et about(doing)sth.著手做某事。
10.(河北石家莊高中畢業(yè)班模擬)After the meeting，I ________ to write a report on our next term’s work.
A．set about B．set aside
C．set out D．set off
解析：選C。set out和set about都有“開始，著手”的意思，set out后跟不定式，set about后跟v.-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。
句型梳理
1.【教材原句】 It looks as if it’ll go under soon...(P22)
看起好像很快就要下沉了……
【句法分析】 此處as if引導(dǎo)的從句為表語(yǔ)從句。as if還可引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句。因從句中動(dòng)作發(fā)生的可能性較大，故用陳述語(yǔ)氣。
①We have missed the bus，it looks as if we’ll have to walk.
我們錯(cuò)過(guò)了公共汽車，看我們得步行了。
②It looks as if you had a good time in Qingdao.
看起你在青島好像玩得很高興。
③andy felt as if they were all ganging up on her.
曼迪覺得他們好像在合伙對(duì)付她。
【歸納總結(jié)】
as if引導(dǎo)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的情況：
當(dāng)說(shuō)話者認(rèn)為句子所陳述的是不真實(shí)的或沒有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時(shí)，從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，形式如下：
(1)從句動(dòng)詞在時(shí)間上與主句動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)。
(2)從句動(dòng)詞在時(shí)間上比主句動(dòng)詞早發(fā)生，從句動(dòng)詞用had done。
(3)從句動(dòng)詞在時(shí)間上比主句動(dòng)詞晚發(fā)生，從句動(dòng)詞用would/could/might＋do。
④She loves the little boy as if he were her own child.
她像母親一樣愛這個(gè)小男孩。
⑤He acted as if he had never done such a foolish thing.
他裝得好像從沒有做過(guò)這種傻事。
【即境活用】
11.________ we move the picture over there？Do you think it will look better?
A．If only B．What if
C．As if D．Even if
解析：選B�？疾槌Ｓ枚陶Z(yǔ)的辨析。if only 但愿，要是……就好了；what if倘若……將會(huì)怎樣；as if好像；even if即使。根據(jù)題意，B項(xiàng)符合。
12．Though they met for the first time，they talked ________ they were good friends.
A．even if B．a(chǎn)s if
C．even though D．if only
解析：選B。even if/though“即使”；as if“好像”；if only“但愿”。句意：盡管他們第一次見面，但是他們談起像好朋友似的。所以B項(xiàng)為正確答案。
2.【教材原句】 He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only to find that there were no boats for South America.(P29)
他身無(wú)分地到新奧爾良時(shí)，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)那里沒有開往南美洲的船了。
【句法分析】 在本句中only to find...是不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的用法。另外，不定式結(jié)構(gòu)所引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)常表示出人意料的結(jié)果，而v.-ing形式所引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)常表達(dá)自然結(jié)果。
①I hurried to the station，only to find that the train had left.
我匆匆忙忙趕到車站，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已開走了。
②The man hurriedly returned home，only to find he had left his key in the office.
這個(gè)人匆匆忙忙地回到家，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)他把鑰匙落在辦公室里了。
③She turned up the drive way，only to find her way blocked.她開上汽車道，不料發(fā)現(xiàn)路已被堵。
④The fire lasted nearly a month，only leaving nothing valuable.大火持續(xù)了近一個(gè)月，幾乎沒剩下什么有價(jià)值的東西。
【即境活用】
13．For nearly three hours we waited for the decision，only ________ to come again the next day.
A．to tell B．telling
C．to be told D．being told
解析：選C。句意：將近三個(gè)小時(shí)我們?cè)诘却龥Q定，結(jié)果被告知第二天再。only to do sth.表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，而且邏輯主語(yǔ)we與tell之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用C。
14.The boy’s parents have gone to Guangzhou to see his grandpa，________ him alone at home.
A．left B．to leave
C．leaving D．having left
解析：選C。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)上看，逗號(hào)后部分應(yīng)為狀語(yǔ)，從而排除A項(xiàng)，父母離開在先，把他留在家里在后，從而排除D項(xiàng)。句意：男孩的父母都去廣州看望他爺爺了，把他一個(gè)人留在家里。由句意可知把他留在家里是自然結(jié)果，并非出乎意料。因此應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。
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