Unit 4 Sharing

一、語言要點

I單元要點預覽（旨在讓同學整體了解本單元要點）

詞匯

部分

詞語

辨析

1. imaginative/imaginable/imaginary 2. dry up/dry out

3. other wise/therefore/however

詞形

變化

1. operate v. 操作, 動手術

operator n. 操作員, (電話)接線員,

operation n. 運轉(zhuǎn), 操作, 實施

2. donate v. 捐贈, 贈予

donation n. 捐贈品, 捐款, 貢獻

3. arrange v. 安排, 排列,

arrangement n. 排列, 安排

4. adjust v. 調(diào)整, 調(diào)節(jié)

adjustable adj.可調(diào)整的

adjustment n. 調(diào)整, 調(diào)節(jié), 調(diào)節(jié)器

5.participate v. 參與,分享,

participant n. 參與者,

participation n. 分享, 參與

重點

單詞

1. adjust vt.&vi.調(diào)整；使適合.

2. participate vi.參與；參加.

3. otherwise adv.用別的方法；其他方面. Adv & conj.否則；不然

4. arrangement n.安排；排列.

5. donate vt.捐贈.

6. purchase vt.&n.買；購買.

7. distribution n.分配；分發(fā)；分布狀態(tài).

8. relevant adj. 有關的, 相應的

9. operate v. 操作, 運轉(zhuǎn), 開動, 起作用

重點

詞組

(be) dying to. 極想；渴望. the other day 幾天前

stick out. 伸出 in need. 在困難中；在危急中.

重點句型

1. When I reach the school grounds there are lots of “good morning” for me from the boys.

2. You asked whether I’m getting to know any local people.

3. The gift covers the cost of exercise books and textbooks for community primary schools that operate in poor or remote villages.

重點語法

限制性定語從句 (見語法專題)

II 詞語辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1). imaginative/imaginable/imaginary adj.

【解釋】

imaginative富有想象力的，創(chuàng)新的

imaginable可想象得到的

imaginary想象中的，虛構的

【練習】選擇imaginative/imaginable或imaginary并用其適當?shù)男问教羁?p>

1) Although the main characters in the novel are so true to life, they are _______.

2) It’s _______ for such an _______ writer to create _______ stories.

3) This is the only solution _________.

4) The famous poem was from an ______ poet.

eys: 1) imaginary 2) imaginable; imaginative ; imaginary 3) imaginable 4) imaginative

2). dry up/dry out

【解釋】

dry up使完全變干；（河流，湖泊等）干涸

dry out變干，干透(不及物短語)

【練習】選擇dry up或dry out，并用其適當?shù)男问教羁?p>

1) The farmers pumped water to their fields to stop the soil ________.

2) The pool ________ in the late autumn.

3) The villagers had to wait for the sun to _________ the dirt road.

4) Don’t leave the vegetable on the table, or it will ________.

eys: 1) drying out 2) dries up 3) dry up 4)dry out

3) otherwise/therefore/however

【解釋】

otherwise否則；不然

therefore adv.因此, 所以

however無論如何, 可是

【練習】選擇otherwise/therefore或however并用其適當?shù)男问教羁?p>

1) He didn't work hard at English_______ he wouldn't find it difficult to learn now．

2) We do not have enough money．_________we cannot afford to buy the new car．

3) The first part was easy；the second，________，took hours．

4) He is noisy， but ________a nice boy．

5) We were going to play football，but it was so hot that we decided to do_____________．

eys: 1)otherwise 2)Therefore 3)however 4) otherwise 5)otherwise

III 詞性變化 （旨在提供語法填空所需材料）

1. operate v. 操作, 動手術

operator n. 操作員, (電話)接線員,

operation n. 運轉(zhuǎn), 操作, 實施

2. donate v. 捐贈, 贈予

donation n. 捐贈品, 捐款, 貢獻

3. arrange v. 安排, 排列,

arrangement n. 排列, 安排

4. adjust v. 調(diào)整, 調(diào)節(jié)

adjustable adj.可調(diào)整的

adjustment n. 調(diào)整, 調(diào)節(jié), 調(diào)節(jié)器

5.participate v. 參與,分享,

participant n. 參與者,

participation n. 分享, 參與

【練習】根據(jù)句子結構，用括號內(nèi)所提供詞的適當形式填空

1) They encouraged the _______ to _______ in the singing performance after the contest..(participate)

2) The doctor are ________ on an ______ of a factory who got injured when _______a machine, and the ________ is said to last over ten hours.(operate)

3) The seats in the plane are ________ , and you can ________ them to a certain angle. The ______ is not difficult to make. (adjust)

4) The drinks were ________ to them by coca cola company and they received _______from other companies as well. (donate)

5) Our department will be in charge of _______the conference. Would you please give us some suggestions on the _______ for it? (arrange)

keys:1) participants; participate 2) operating; operator; operating ; operation 3) adjustable; adjust; adjustment 4) donated; donation 5) arranging; arrangement

IV 重點詞匯 （旨在提供綜合運用所需材料）

1. adjust vt.&vi.調(diào)整；使適合.

[重點用法]

adjustment n． 調(diào)整；修正

adjustable adj． 可調(diào)節(jié)的；可調(diào)整的

adjust(sth．／oneself)(to sth．)使適應；適應。

注意：該詞作不及物動詞時，其意思是“適應于”，后常跟介詞to。

[典例]

1) I usually adjust my watch before I go to work in the morning．我通常早上上班前校準我的表.

2) It seems that the newcomers have adjusted themselves in the schoo1．

新的同學看適應了學校生活。

3) He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country．

他使自己很快適應了這個國家炎熱的氣候。

4)The desks and seats can be adjusted to the height of any child．

這些桌子和凳子能被調(diào)整到適合任何孩子的高度。

[練習] 漢譯英

1) 他很快就適應了這種生活方式，從此幸福地生活著。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2) 許多新兵沒能很快適應軍中生活，結果病倒了。

___________________________________________________________________________________

eys: 1) He soon adjusted himself to the way of life and has lived happily ever since．2) Quite a few new

soldiers could not adjust themselves to army life and fell ill.

2. participate vi.參與；參加; 分享

[重點用法]

participant n. 參與者，共享者

participate in a discussion參加討論

participate in profits分享利潤

participate in sb. ’s sufferings分擔某人的痛苦；與某人共患難

[典例]

1) If only I could participate in your good fortune. 要是我能分享你的好運就好了

2) When in grief, you need some friends to participate in your suffering.悲傷時，你需要朋友幫你分擔痛苦。

[練習]根據(jù)括號里所給的中意思補全句子。

1) I managed to get in touch with my old schoolmates graduated in 2003 _________ (參加校慶100周年)

2) If only_____________________________________(分享你的好運).

3) He is an ___________________________________ (積極參加社會活動的人).

eys: 1)to participate in the hundredth anniversary of schoo1 Day of our high schoo1．2)I could

participate in your good fortune 3)active participant in social work

3. otherwise adv.用別的方法；其他方面. adv & conj.否則；不然\

[重點用法]

and otherwise等等；其他

but otherwise然而在別的方面卻

or otherwise或相反

[典例]

1) He is slow but otherwise he is a good worker．他雖慢，但在其他方面卻是個好工人。

2) He reminded me of that; I should otherwise have forgotten．

幸虧他提醒了我，要不然我就忘了。

3) You should go now，otherwise you'll miss the bus．你現(xiàn)在該走了，否則就趕不上公共汽車了。

4) He thinks otherwise．他是另外一種想法。

[練習] 漢譯英

1) 今天我身體不舒服，否則我會去機場接你了。

2) 房租貴了些，但其他方面還挺令人滿意的。

3) 我們得到達那兒，搭乘飛機或者其它方式。

eys: 1) I’m not feeling well today; otherwise I would meet you at the airport. 2) The rent is a bit high, but otherwise the house is satisfactory. 3) We’ll get there somehow, by plan or otherwise.

4. arrangement n.安排；排列.

[典例]

1) He arranged the books on the shelf．他把書架上的書整理了一下。

2) We have arranged a party．我們準備了一個晚會。

3) Arranged with her to meet at 8．和她商定8點鐘見面。

[重點用法]

arrange v．安排, 排列, 協(xié)商

come to an arrangement談妥；達成協(xié)議

make arrangement for為……做好準備；為……做好安排

make arrangement with sb．與(某人)商定或約好，(和某人)達成協(xié)議；做好準備；做出安排

[練習]根據(jù)括號里所給的中意思補全句子。

1) The secretary has _____________ (為這次會議時間和地點做好了安排)the meeting．

2) The flower shop provided flowers and saw to _______________________________.

(這花店提供花卉并保證為他們的典禮作好布置。)

3) The doctors had _______________(為外科手術做好了準備) before the patient was carried in．

eys: 1) made the arrangement of a time and place for 2) their arrangement for the ceremony

3)made arrangements for surgery

5. donate vt.捐贈.

[重點用法]

donation n．[C]捐贈物；n．[U]捐贈，贈送

donator n．捐贈者

donate sth．(to sb．／sth．)捐贈，贈送(錢、物等)

make a donation(donations)l

提示：donate雖然是及物動詞，常與介詞to搭配，但位于直接賓語前的介詞to不能省略。類似用法

的詞語還有：introduce sb．to sb．；explain sth．to sb．等。

[典例]

1) All the teachers and schoolmates donate blood to the nation annually．

全校師生每年都向國家獻血。

2) Would you like to make a donation to our charity appeal?

你愿意響應我們慈善團體呼吁捐物嗎?

3) Donation is the act of giving to a fund or cause．捐贈是對某一基金或事業(yè)的贈送行為。

[練習]用donate的相關介詞或正確形式填空。

1)The Hope Project_____ which everyone at work donates a day’s pay is significant．

2)Almost a third of the best seats are set aside for members，who have made_____ to the opera．

3)The activity of charity______ is due at 8 tomorrow morning．

4)The_____ refused his name after______ a large sum of money. (donate)

eys: 1)to 2)donations 3)donation 4)donator; donating

6. purchase vt.& n.買；購買; (以某種代價)換得；(經(jīng)過努力)取得，贏得(常與with連用)

[典例]

1) The new couple spent some money on the purchase of the furniture necessary for their new house．這對

新婚夫婦花費了一些錢購買新房子里必需的家具。

2) The farm was sold at ten years’ purchase. 這農(nóng)場以相當于10年間土地收入的價錢售出。

[重點用法]

made a purchase買東西

leave sb．to his purchase讓某人自謀生路

live on one's purchase 自謀生計，自找活路

purchase freedom with blood以血的代價贏得自由

purchase and sale買賣

[練習]根據(jù)括號里所給的中意思補全句子。

1) It is __________________________________(我前幾天買的一東西。).

2) You can't_________________________________(你不努力什么也不能得到).

3) He gave his son some money______________________ (買本)．

eys: 1)a recent purchase of mine／what I purchased the other day 2)get any purchase without

efforts／purchase anything if you don't make any effort 3)for the purchase of／to purchase

his school books

7. distribution n.分配；分發(fā)；分布狀態(tài).

[重點用法]

distribute v. vi. 分配; 散布

distribute sth. to把某物分[配, 發(fā)]給...

distribute sth. among把某物分[配, 發(fā)]給...

[典例]

1) At present, the distribution of profits cannot satisfy most of the people.

目前利潤的分配未能滿足大多數(shù)人民。

2) Before the opening ceremony of the super-market, some workers are sent to distribute handbills on the

street.超市開業(yè)前，一些工作人員被派去街上散發(fā)傳單。

[練習] 漢譯英

1) 幼兒園的老師正在給小朋友們派發(fā)禮物。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2）救援物資的發(fā)放依然在討論中。

___________________________________________________________________________________

eys: 1) The teacher in the kindergarten is distributing the small gifts to the children. 2) The distribution of

the rescuing goods is under discussion.

8. relevant adj. 有關的, 相應的

[典例]

1) ore relevant details have been found out.找到了更多有關的細節(jié)

2) He refused to say anything not relevant to the present question他拒絕回答和目前的問題無關的內(nèi)容。

[練習] 漢譯英

1) 要了解更多信息，請登陸相關網(wǎng)站。

______________________________________________________________________________________

2) 你有關于健康飲食的書嗎？

______________________________________________________________________________________

eys: 1) For further information, please refer to relevant website. 2) Have you got any book relevant to healthy diet?

9. operate v. 操作, 運轉(zhuǎn), 開動, 起作用

[典例]

1) The medicine operated quickly.這藥很快就起作用了。

2) He is operating a patient on the head他正在給病人頭部做手術

3) He helped his father with operating a business.他幫他的父親經(jīng)營著一家企業(yè)

[練習] 漢譯英

1) 起初發(fā)動機工作正常.

2) 這家公司在30多個國家開了快餐店。

3) 時下許多小孩擅長于操作電腦。

eys: 1) At the beginning, the motor operated smoothly. 2) The company operates fast-food restaurants in over 30 countries. 3) Nowadays many kids are good at operating computers.

V 重點詞組 （旨在提供綜合運用所需材料）

1. be dying for sth／to do sth迫切想要；渴望

[短語歸納]

be thirsty for sth／to do sth渴望

[典例]

1) I'm dying/thirsty for something to eat.我極想吃點東西。

2) She is dying/thirsty to knohere you have been。她極想知道你去了哪兒。

3) After a long dry season the trees are dying/thirsty for water.經(jīng)過一個漫長的旱季，樹木迫切需要水分。

[練習] 漢譯英

1) 我姐姐非�？释�能在外企工作。

_________________________________________________________________________________________

2) 我和我的同學們都迫切想看電影《馬達加斯加 II》

_________________________________________________________________________________________

eys: 1) y sister is dying for a chance to work in a foreign enterprise. 2) y classmates and I are dying to see the

movie adagascar II

2. the other day 幾天前

[典例]

1) I came across my old friend in the street in the other day.我?guī)滋烨霸诮稚吓鲆娨粋�老朋友。

2) I heard of the news in the other day, but I dared not tell you.

幾天前我就聽說這個消息了，但不敢告訴你。

[練習] 漢譯英

1) 前幾天通過的決定已經(jīng)被執(zhí)行了。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2) 幾天前發(fā)生的車禍讓這對老夫婦依然心有余悸。

___________________________________________________________________________________

keys: 1) The decision passed the other day has been carried out. 2) The traffic accidence happening the

other day still frightened the old couple.

3. stick out. 伸出,突出，堅持到底

[短語歸納]

stick to sth. 堅持(to是介詞)

stick with sb／sth繼續(xù)支持某人／某事

提示：stick(stuck，stuck)不規(guī)則動詞

[典例]

1) Don't stick your head out of the car windo不要把頭伸到車窗外。

2) Stick with me and you'll be all right．有事你找我就沒問題了

[練習]選擇填空

1) He wore shoes that looked 30 years old, too small for his feet，with holes all over them，his toes______

out． A．stuck B．came C．went D．rushed

2) Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he _____ his opinion.

A. stuck at B. stuck to C. stood for D. stuck out

eys: 1) A 【解析】考察短語記憶 B “出；長出; 出現(xiàn)” C “出去; 熄滅” D “沖出去“

2) B【解析】 對固定短語的記憶和句意的理解是解題的關鍵。A“不斷地認真做了顧慮、猶豫（指壞事）；C“主張，容忍，代表，象征”。

4. in need. 在困難中；在危急中.

[短語歸納]

in need/want of需要

the need for sth.對……的需要

at one’s need在某人困難時

satisfy/meet one’s needs滿足某人的需要

[典例]

1) After the lack of water for a long tie, crops are in great need of water;

長時間缺水后, 莊稼急需要水.

2) As we all know, everyone in the world has a need for affection.

我們大家都知道,每個人都有對感情的需要

[練習] 漢譯英

1) 無論孩子們提出什么要求，家長們總是設法滿足他們的需要。

________________________________________________________________________________________

2) 勤奮工作是成功的需要。

________________________________________________________________________________________

eys: 1) No matter what requirements are raised by children, the parents would manage to satisfy their needs.

2) Hard work is the need for success.

VI 重點句子 （旨在提供句子結構等所需材料）

1. Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to

their villages after Year 8 anyway. 有時候，我真想知道化學對這些孩子究竟有多大的用處。他們中大

多數(shù)學完八年級以后就回到他們的村莊去了。

[解釋]名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+of+which/whom…引導定語從句

[典例]

1) She has two sons, both of whom are serving in the army.她有兩個兒子，都在部隊服役。

2) Today my mother bought several shirts, one of which is for me.

今天媽媽買了幾襯衣，其中一是給我的。

[練習] 漢譯英

1) 他有許多朋友，但沒一個能幫他解決問題。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2) 他向震區(qū)孩子捐贈了許多衣物，其中有些是全新的。

___________________________________________________________________________________

eys: 1) He has many friends, none of whom can help him out of problems. 2)He donated many clothes to the children in earthquake area, many of which are completely ne

2. You asked whether I’m getting to know any local people.你問我是否了解當?shù)氐睦习傩铡?p>

[解釋]get to+喜好/認識，表示漸變的過程。

[典例]

1) I got to realize how important the happy life was as I grew older.

隨著年齡的增長，我逐漸意識到幸福生活的重要性。

2) I got to like the flat we were going to move in.我逐漸地喜歡上我們即將搬進去的公寓。

[練習] 漢譯英

1) 他漸漸地知道了為什么他奶奶那么小心地保存這張相片的原因。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2) 莎莉逐漸意識到她母親為她做的一切。

___________________________________________________________________________________

eys: 1) He got to knohy his granny kept the photo so carefully. 2) Sally got to realize what her mother did for her.

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相關閱讀：Unit 1 The world of our sense教案